Pdf amylase and acid protease production by solid state. The roles of microorganisms bacteria and yeasts involved in fermentation processes solid state fermentation ssf and submerged fermentation smf mostly related in processing industries are discussed. Amylase production from aspergillus oryzae ls1 by solid. This book describes the use of rsm for maximizing amylase production using aspergillus niger that was cultivated on agrowastes through solid. It can be of special interest in those processes where the crude fermented products may be used directly as enzyme sources. Pdf alpha amylase production by aspergillus oryzae.
Research article optimization of amylase production from b. Solid state fermentation was carried out using various agro industrial wastes with the best amylase producing strain isolated from soil. Solid state fermentation of amylase production from bacillus subtilis. Submerged fermentation is commonly used for amylase production, but solidstate fermentation ssf is. Pdf amylase production by solid state fermentation of agro. Alpha amylase production by aspergillus oryzae employing solid state fermentation. Usually production of amylase from fungi has been carried out using well defined chemical media by submerged fermentation smf and solid state fermentation ssf miranda et al. Introduction to meet the demand of industries, lowcost medium is required for the production of. Primary screening of bacterial isolates for production of alpha amylase was done by the starch agar plate method 2. Shivaramakrishnan, 2006 among the various types of amylases produced, commercially thermostable amylases are gaining much more advantages in comparison to other types popovic et al. Amylase on a commercially 1 submerged fermentation 2 solid state fermentation. Factors affecting alfa amylase production on submerged.
However, studies reveal that ssf is the most appropriate process in developing countries due to the advantages it offers which make it a cost effective production process. T1 cellulolytic enzymes production by utilizing agricultural wastes under solid state fermentation and its application for biohydrogen production, solid state fermentation ssf or solid supplementation of additional carbon source and inducers extraction of product and its economic sector applications. Article cow dung is an ideal fermentation medium for amylase production in solidstate fermentation by bacillus cereus ponnuswamy vijayaraghavan, m. One process that results in the production of a amylase is submerged fermentation smf and solid state fermentation ssf. Solid state fermentation ssf is defined as the cultivation of microorganisms on moist solid supports, either oninert carriers or on insoluble substrates that can, in addition. Jan 16, 2016 within the context of increasing environmental concern, energy production from lignocellulosic substrates is gaining great interest. Amylaseproduction and process, technology, applications. In 2 case of ssf, the cost of the substrate also plays a key role in deciding the cost of production. Submerged fermentation smf and solid state fermentation ssf. Amyloglucosidase catalyses the hydrolysisof glycosidic residues from nonreducing ends of amylose and amylopectin in starch components to produce. Solidstate fermentation ssf is a threephase heterogeneous process, comprising solid, liquid, and gaseous phases, which offers potential benefits for the microbial cultivation for bioprocesses and products development.
Shivaramakrishnan, 2006 among the various types of amylases produced, commercially thermostable amylases are gaining. Amylase production on submerged fermentation by bacillusspp r. Microbial alpha amylase is highly demanded industrial enzyme in various sectors such as. Shruti puri, arora m, loveleen sarao department of microbiology, college of basic sciences and humanities, punjab agricultural university, ludhiana141004, punjab, india corresponding author. Cow dung is an ideal fermentation medium for amylase. Submerged fermentations smf and solidstate fermentations ssf are the two methods widely employed for the production of amylases. Submerged fermentation is advanced and commercially important enzymes are produced by this method hashemi et al. Pdf this study evaluated amylase production by bacillus species employing the solid state fermentation ssf method using five. Substrate the enzyme production was studied with all the four types of agroindustrial wastes viz. Submerged fermentation is commonly used for amylase production, but solid state fermentation ssf is. Aug 24, 2016 in the recent past, there has been extensive research on microbial production of amylase. Submerged fermentation an overview sciencedirect topics.
Different solid substrates like banana pseudostem and leaf vein are rich in starch. Sivasudha department of environmental biotechnology, bharathidasan university, tiruchirapalli, india abstract. Amylase production on submerged fermentation by bacillus. Optimization of nutritional constitute for enhanced alpha amylase production using by solid state fermentation technology a. Production of alpha amylases by solid state fermentation using cheap substrates cheap substrates used wheat bran, rice husk, vegetable waste potato, tomato, brinjal and banana peel. Enzyme production by soud fermentation is known for a long lime, mainly for glucoamylase production derivated from the traditional koji pro cess described bytakamine in 1914 as the mouldy bran process usingas. Solid state fermentation which has been reported to be a bit cheaper becauseof the enzyme extraction procedures is a ray of hope. The a amylase family comprises a group of enzymes with a variety of different specificities that all act on one type of substrate being.
Production of glucoamylase by aspergillus oryzae under. In an aim to improve the productivity of amylase, fermentation has. Amylase production by solidstate fermentation of agro. Amylase production from solid state fermentation and submerged. Production production of amylase was carried out by ssf using the substrates of zero cost namely wheat bran, rice. Solid state fermentation are mainly used for traditional food processing and for fungal enzymes production. Solid state fermentation of agroresidues for the production. Out of 50 strains, the 3 strains that showed the biggest zone of clearance in starch hydrolysis were selected for production in solid state fermentation. To meet the demand of industries, lowcost medium is required for the. Production and optimization of amylase and glucoamylase from. Samples were collected from four different locations of sebaha, north gondar and isolated casein proteolytic bacteria.
Solid state fermentation of agroresidues for the production of amylase from bacillus subtilis for industrial applications mohammed a. However, only a few strains of fungi and bacteria meet the criteria for production of this commercial enzyme souza and magalhaes, 2010. Glucoamylase production has been investigated by solid state fermentation of agroindustrial wastes generated during the processing of paddy to rice flakes categorized as coarse, medium and fine waste, along with wheat bran and rice powder by a local soil isolate aspergillus sp. Pdf higher production of cellulase and amylase by novel. Production and optimization of amylases using aspergillus niger. Hyperactive amylase production by aspergillus oryzae ifo. Production of amylase from banana peels with bacillus subtilis using solid state fermentation moiedi sunira paul and v. Amylase production on solid state fermentation by bacillus s pp. The utilization of composite agrosubstrates for amyloglucosidase production byaspergillus niger otf and a. Amylase production the production of amylase by submerged fermentation smf and solid state fermentation ssf has been investigated and depend on a variety of physicochemical factors. Solid state fermentation of keratinolytic proteases.
Kalaiyarasi, samuel gnana prakash vincent international centre for nanobiotechnology, centre for marine. Pdf solid state fermentation was carried out using various agro industrial wastes with the best amylase producing strain isolated from soil find, read and. They are also used clinically and medicinally 8,10. Amylase production by solidstate fermentation of agroindustrial. Production and partial purification of alpha amylase from bacillus.
Amylase production on submerged fermentation by bacillusspp. Smf has been traditionally used for the production of industrially important enzymes because of the ease of control of different. Alpha amylase can be produced both by using solid state and submerged fermentation techniques rahardjo et al. International journal of science and research ijsr is published as a monthly journal with 12 issues per year. The solid substrates commonly used in this method are,bran, bagasse, and paper pulp. Some traditional food products obtained using ssf are tempeh, cheesebread, idli, dosai, jilebi and mushrooms. Amylase production through submerged and solid state fermentation. Whole cell immobilization processes for lipase production have been applied directly to enhance their biocatalytic activity and to obtain prolong use. Specifically, amylase plays a major role in the industrial application of this enzyme, such as in paper and pulp industries.
The purpose of this work is to study the optimized cultural conditions for the production of amylase by aspergillus niger in solid state. Itwas the first industrial process for enzyme production by soud substrate fermentation. Pdf solid state fermentation for the production of. There are two methods widely used for production of.
Amylase production by solid state fermentation of agroindustrial wastes using bacillus sp rajshree saxena i. In the present work, solid state fermentation ssf for. Amylase production on submerged fermentation by bacillus spp. Production of amylase from banana peels with bacillus. Amylase production on solid state fermentation by sapub. It can be of special interest in those processes where the crude fermented products may be used directly as.
Ps7 by solidstate fermentation and its synergistic use in the hydrolysis of malt starch for alcohol production, process biochemistry, 402, 525534. In nb system, 20 g of wheat bran moistened with liquid medium in 1. Pdf optimization of amylase production by aspergillus. The amylase producing specie, was isolated from soil samples, rotten potatoe and spoiled fruit waste. Indhumathi indian institute of crop processing technology, thanjavur 6 005, tamil nadu, india abstract. Amylase production from aspergillus oryzae ls1 by solidstate. Solid state fermentation is a method used for microbes which require less moisture content for their growth. The fungal source used predominantly for commercial production of. Solid state fermentation holds tremendous potentials for the production of the enzyme amylase by aspergillus niger. Solidstate fermentation an overview sciencedirect topics. Ps7 by solid state fermentation and its synergistic use in the hydrolysis of malt starch for alcohol production. Almalki biological sciences department, college of science, king faisal university, saudi arabia corresponding author a b s t r a c t keywords state fermentation, article info accepted. The major factors that affect microbial synthesis of enzymes in a solidstate fermentation system include the selection of a suitable substrate, microorganism, inoculum concentration, particle size and moisture level of the substrate. To study the effect of temperature on amylase production, the submerged fermentation was carried out at different temperatures 25c, 30c, 35c and 40c.
O b adepartment of microbiology, federal university of technology, minna, niger state, nigeria. Notably, it is a referred, highly indexed, online international journal with high impact factor. Demand for microbial amylase production persists because of its immense importance in wide spectrum industries. Solid state fermentation ssf is a biomolecule manufacturing process used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, fuel and textile industries. Factors such as shape of solid particle, porosity, diffusivity within the solid substrate, mass transfer to and from the solid, hydrophilic and hydrophobic nature of solid particle are the important factors responsible for the adherence of. The effects of optimization condition on solid state fermentation of agroallied waste for production of amylase using bacillus sp was investigated. Solidstate fermentation offers a number of economic advantages over conventional submerged fermentation for enzyme production mudgett, 1986. Amylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of starch into sugars and plays a pivotal role in a variety of areas like use as digestives, for the production of ethanol and high fructose corn syrup, detergents, desiring of textiles, modified starches, hydrolysis of oilfield drilling fluids, and paper recycling. Amylase production by aspergillus niger under solid state.
Optimization of nutritional constitute for enhanced alpha. Production and optimization of amylase and glucoamylase using aspergillus oryzae under solid state fermentation authors. Both solid state fermentation ssf and submerged fermentation smf could be used for the production of amylases, although traditionally these have been obtained. Different solid substrates like rice bran, wheat bran, black gram bran, coconut oil cake, gingely oil cake and groundnut oil cake are rich in starch. Amylase production in solid state fermentation using aspergillus. Solid state fermentation ssf holds tremendous potential for the production of enzymes. Review of solid state fermentation for lignocellulolytic. Solid state fermentation, agroindustrial wastes, amylase, enzyme optimization, stability, bacillus sp. The objective of the present study was, production of keratinolytic protease s through solid state fermentation using bacteria isolated from traditional leather processing stagnant ponds ponds are in use for last several years. In previous studies, the highest amylase production from bacillus licheniformis after 36 h under solid state fermentation was observed, when rice husk was used as a carbon source, but 20% v v inoculum was used in comparison to 2.
The latter is a fairly new method while the former is a traditional method of enzyme production from microbes which has been in use for a longer period of time. The production medium is often simple, using agroindustrial byproducts like wheat bran, rice bran, or wheat straw as the substrate. Amylase production on solid state fermentation by bacillus spp. Amylase and acid protease production by solid state fermentation using aspergillus niger from mangrove swamp article pdf available in indian journal. Starch is an important constituent of the human diet and is a major storage. The main advantage is that nutrientrich waste materials can be easily recycled and used as substrates in this method other advantages that ssf offers. Optimization of protease and amylase production by. Higher production of cellulase and amylase by novel aspergillus sp.
Amylase is a group of enzymes whose catalytic function is to hydrolyze breakdown sugar and starch to give diverse products including dextrins, and progressively smaller polymers composed of glucose units. In solid state fermentation ssf an insoluble substrate is fermented with sufficient moisture 1. Shruti puri, arora m, loveleen sarao department of microbiology, college of basic sciences and humanities, punjab agricultural university, ludhiana. Optimization of the amylase production using various agroallied waste such as wheat bran, potatoe peel, banana peel and rice bran were carried out. The measurement of microbial biomass, growth and kinetics, and factors affecting fermentation processes are also explained. Production and partial purification of alpha amylase from. The production of extracellular amylase by bacillus spp was optimized in a submerged fermentation. The present work has been initiated with a goal of optimization of solid state fermentation condition for amylase using agroindustrial waste and microbial strain like b. The solidstate fermentation is a new method, whereas smf is a traditional method for enzyme production from microorganisms which has. I amity institute of biotechnology, amity university, sector125, noida, uttar pradesh, india. Amylase production from solid state fermentation and submerged liquid fermentation by aspergillus niger. Some traditional food products obtained using ssf are tempeh, cheesebread, idli, dosai, jilebi and mushrooms 2. Dec 01, 2011 primary screening of bacterial isolates for production of alpha amylase was done by the starch agar plate method.
Different solid substrates like rice bran, wheat bran, black gram bran, coconut. Production and catalytic properties of amylases from. Aspergillus oryzae ls1 produced the highest level of. Glucoamylase production by solidstate fermentation using. Production and optimization of amylase and glucoamylase using. Kaliwal 2 1 department of microbiology, school of biomedical and laboratory sciences, university of gondar, ethiopia. The fermentation medium was prepared by varying ph values5. Yildirim akatinan overview of amylase production by solid state fermentation ssf since 2010 2 amylases have broad application areas such as food, textile, paper, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, detergent, etc. These biomolecules are mostly metabolites generated by microorganisms grown on a solid support selected for this purpose. The effect of various factors on amylase production was examined. Among those tested, wheat bran was the best for maximizing enzyme production.
Production and partial purification of alpha amylase from bacillus subtilis mtcc 121 using solid state fermentation. Enzymes have proven their efficiency in the degradation of the lignocellulosic complex but their use remains limited in environmental applications such as anaerobic digestion mainly due to their prohibitive cost. Optimization of amylase production by aspergillus niger in solidstate fermentation using sugarcane bagasse as solid support material. Production and optimization of amylase enzyme from. Production and optimization of amylase and glucoamylase. Production and optimization of amylase and glucoamylase from aspergillus niger under solid state fermentation for effective production of glucose syrup abalaka, m.
The production of amylase is essential for conversion of starches into oligosaccharides. Aspergillus oryzaels1 produced the highest level of the enzyme. Production of enzymes by solid state fermentation ssf using these moulds turned a costeffective production technique. Discovery of the beneficial activity of several secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms bioactive compounds has resulted in the further exploration of fermentation as a production technique for. In recent years, however, solid state fermentation ssf has been used more and more for. Amylase production on solid state fermentation by bacillus. Indian institute of crop processing technology, thanjavur 6 005, tamil nadu, india. No doubt higher inoculum can be cost effective if the processing time is considerably. Pdf amylase production by solidstate fermentation of agro.
201 1035 1093 753 199 1395 20 747 910 239 1261 700 1100 135 465 128 609 786 257 382 907 1280 1254 358 406 382 821 880 253 937 1328 21 364 1227 1420 70 1331 1191 1083 438 1487 1370 678 320 270 1193 81 606 1097